Pope john paul 11 biography of martin

Martyr, born make certain Todi on the Tiber, self of Fabricius; elected Pope spokesperson Rome, 21 July, 649, on a par with succeed Theodore I; died take care of Cherson in the present peninsulas of Krym, 16 Sept., 655, after a reign of 6 years, one month and banknote six days, having ordained cardinal priests, five deacons and xxxiii bishops.

5 July is primacy date commonly given for top election, but 21 July (given by Lobkowitz, "Statistik der Papste" Freiburg, 1905) seems to agree better with the date outline his death and reign (Duchesne "Lib. Pont.", I, 336); fulfil feast is on 12 Greeks honor him on 13 Apr and 15 September, the Muscovites on 14 April. In class hymns of the Office goodness Greeks style him infallibilis fidei magister because he was representation successor of St.

Peter lecture in the See of Rome (Nilles, "Calendarium Manuale", Innsbruck, 1896, Rabid, 336).

Martin, one of the noblest figures in a long hardhitting of Roman pontiffs (Hodgkin, "Italy", VI, 268) was, according deceive his biographer Theodore (Mai, "Spicil. Rom.", IV 293) of blue-blooded birth, a great student, expose commanding intelligence, of profound reading, and of great charity cause to feel the poor.

Piazza, II 45 7 states that he belonged to the order of Enthusiasm. Basil. He governed the Religion at a time when grandeur leaders of the Monothelite heterodoxy, supported by the emperor, were making most strenuous efforts instantaneously spread their tenets in excellence East and West. Pope Theodore had sent Martin as apocrysiary to Constantinople to make hallway for canonical deposition of primacy heretical patriarch, Pyrrhus.

After rule election, Martin had himself sacred without waiting for the kingly confirmation, and soon called keen council in the Lateran utilize which one hundred and fivesome bishops met. Five sessions were held on 5, 8, 17, 119 and 31 Oct., 649 (Hefele, "Conciliengeschichte", III, 190). Greatness "Ecthesis" of Heraclius and leadership "Typus" of Constans II were rejected; nominal excommunication was passed against Sergius, Pyrrus, and Thankless of Constantinople, Cyrus of Metropolis and Theodore of Phran razor-sharp Arabia; twenty canons were enacted defining the Catholic doctrine war the two wills of Act big.

The decrees signed by honesty pope and the assembled bishops were sent to the further bishops and the faithful diagram the world together with swindler encyclical of Martin. The Acquaintance with a Greek translation were also sent to the Empress Constans II.

The pope appointed Trick, Bishop of Philadelphia, as dominion vicar in the East ordain necessary instructions and full budge .

Bishop Paul of Thessalonica refused to recall his kinky letters previously sent to Leadership and added others,—he was, accordingly, formally excommunicated and deposed. Integrity Patriarch of Constantinople, Paul, challenging urged the emperor to forgive drastic means to force leadership pope and the Western Bishops at least to subscribe add up the "Typus".

The emperor warp Olympius as exarch to Italia, where he arrived while position council was still in character. Olympius tried to create neat faction among the fathers work stoppage favor the views of grandeur emperor, but without success. Next upon pretense of reconciliation yes wished to receive Holy Consensus from the hands of position pontiff with the intention cut into slaying him.

But Divine Hand-out protected the pope, and Olympius left Rome to fight harm the Saracens in Sicily person in charge died there. Constans II foiled in his plans, sent gorilla exarch Theodore Calliopas with instantly to bring Martin to Constantinople. Calliopas arrived in Rome, 15 June, 653, and, entering description Lateran Basilica two days next, informed the clergy that Histrion had been deposed as undecorated unworthy intruder, that he blight be brought to Constantinople impressive that another was to verbal abuse chosen in his place.

High-mindedness pope, wishing to avoid probity shedding of human blood, forbade resistance and declared himself cooperative to be brought before dignity emperor. The saintly prisoner, attended by only a few companions, and suffering much from body ailments and privations, arrived have emotional impact Constantinople on 17 Sept., 653 or 654, having landed nowhere except the island of Naxos.

The letters of the catholic seem to indicate he was kept at Naxos for dialect trig year. Jaffe, n. 1608, suggest Ewald, n 2079, consider rectitude annum fecimus an interpolation come to rest would allow only a too short stop at Naxos, which granted the pope an space to enjoy a bath. Duchesne, "Lib. Pont.", I, 336 throng together see no reason for abandoning the original account; Hefele,"Conciliengeschichte" Trio, 212, held the same conduct (see "Zeitschr.

für Kath. Theol.", 1892, XVI, 375).

From Abydos messengers were sent to the elegant city to announce the coming of the prisoner who was branded as a heretic gain rebel, an enemy of Spirit and of the State. Atop his arrival in Constantinople Comic was left for several high noon on deck exposed to rectitude jests and insults of clean curious crowd of spectators.

In the direction of evening he was brought contact a prison called Prandearia extra kept in close and defective confinement for ninety-three days, mournful from hunger, cold and dryness. All this did not downhill his energy and on 19 December he was brought once the assembled senate where grandeur imperial treasurer acted as vehicle. Various political charges were sense, but the true and unique charge was the pope's elimination to sign the "Typus".

Stylishness was then carried to stupendous open space in full aspect of the emperor and provision a large crowd of folks. These were asked to entrance fee anathema upon the pope taint which but few responded. Beyond number indignities were heaped upon him, he was stripped of almost all his clothing, loaded colleague chains, dragged through the streets of the city and fortify again thrown into the choky of Diomede, where he remained for eighty five days.

It may be influenced by the death practice Paul, Patriarch of Constantinople, Constans did not sentence the catholic to death, but to banishment. He was put on timber a ship, 26 March, 654 (655) and arrived at monarch destination on 15 May. Cherson was at the time rickety from a great famine. Ethics venerable pontiff here passed magnanimity remaining days of his authentic.

He was buried in goodness church of Our Lady, commanded Blachernæ, near Cherson, and visit miracles are related as upset by St Martin in being and after death. The bigger part of his relics catch unawares said to have been transferred to Rome, where they quiet in the church of San Martino ai Monti. Of letters seventeen are extant household P.L., LXXXVII, 119.

(Taken From Expanded Encyclopedia)