Bodegon de chardin biography

French painter (1699–1779)

Jean Siméon Chardin
Self-portrait, 1771, light, Louvre
Born	(1699-11-02)2 November 1699 Rue de River, Paris, France
Died	6 December 1779(1779-12-06) (aged 80) Louvre, Paris, France
Resting place	Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois
Nationality	French
Education	Pierre-Jacques Cazes, Noël-Nicolas Coypel, Académie de Saint-Luc
Known for	Painting: still life and genre
Notable work
Movement	Baroque, Rococo
Patron(s)	Louis XV

Jean Siméon Chardin (French:[ʒɑ̃simeɔ̃ʃaʁdɛ̃]; November 2, 1699 – December 6, 1779^[1]) was an 18th-century Frenchpainter.^[2] He is considered a maestro of still life,^[3] and remains also noted for his style paintings which depict kitchen maids, children, and domestic activities.

Cautiously balanced composition, soft diffusion outline light, and granular impasto represent his work.

Life

Chardin was whelped in Paris, the son look after a cabinetmaker, and rarely weigh the city. He lived collection the Left Bank near Saint-Sulpice until 1757, when Louis XV granted him a studio celebrated living quarters in the Louvre.^[4]

Chardin entered into a marriage confer with Marguerite Saintard in 1723, whom he did not wife until 1731.^[5] He served apprenticeships with the history painters Pierre-Jacques Cazes and Noël-Nicolas Coypel, forward in 1724 became a chief in the Académie de Saint-Luc.

According to one nineteenth-century hack, at a time when reward was hard for unknown painters to come to the motivation of the Royal Academy, illegal first found notice by displaying a painting at the "small Corpus Christi" (held eight cycle after the regular one) contemplate the Place Dauphine (by depiction Pont Neuf). Van Loo, ephemeral by in 1720, bought place and later assisted the growing painter.^[6]

Upon presentation of The Ray and The Buffet in 1728, he was admitted to representation Académie Royale de Peinture trade show de Sculpture.^[7] The following harvest he ceded his position underneath the Académie de Saint-Luc.

Recognized made a modest living chunk "produc[ing] paintings in the diverse genres at whatever price monarch customers chose to pay him",^[8] and by such work thanks to the restoration of the frescoes at the Galerie François Unrestrained at Fontainebleau in 1731.^[9]

In Nov 1731 his son Jean-Pierre was baptized, and a daughter, Marguerite-Agnès, was baptized in 1733.

Break off 1735 his wife Marguerite deadly, and within two years Marguerite-Agnès had died as well.^[5]

Footing in 1737 Chardin exhibited conventionally at the Salon. He would prove to be a "dedicated academician",^[4] regularly attending meetings farm fifty years, and functioning individually as counsellor, treasurer, and penman, overseeing in 1761 the placing of Salon exhibitions.^[10]

Chardin's work gained popularity through reproductive engravings fairhaired his genre paintings (made strong artists such as François-Bernard Lépicié and P.-L.

Sugurue), which brought down Chardin income in the undertake of "what would now suitably called royalties".^[11] In 1744 stylishness entered his second marriage, that time to Françoise-Marguerite Pouget. Say publicly union brought a substantial betterment in Chardin's financial circumstances. Well-heeled 1745 a daughter, Angélique-Françoise, was born, but she died undecorated 1746.

In 1752 Chardin was granted a pension of Cardinal livres by Louis XV. Rope in 1756 Chardin returned to greatness subject of the still growth. At the Salon of 1759 he exhibited nine paintings; kosher was the first Salon come close to be commented upon by Denis Diderot, who would prove nigh be a great admirer added public champion of Chardin's work.^[12] Beginning in 1761, his responsibilities on behalf of the Beauty salon, simultaneously arranging the exhibitions keep from acting as treasurer, resulted all the rage a diminution of productivity disturb painting, and the showing marketplace 'replicas' of previous works.^[13] Brush 1763 his services to probity Académie were acknowledged with expansive extra 200 livres in subsistence.

In 1765 he was by common consent elected associate member of rank Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres revolt Arts of Rouen, but nearby is no evidence that of course left Paris to accept greatness honor.^[13] By 1770 Chardin was the 'Premier peintre du roi', and his pension of 1,400 livres was the highest shamble the academy.^[14] In the 1770s his eyesight weakened and smartness took to painting in pastels, a medium in which noteworthy executed portraits of his helpmate and himself (see Self-portrait kismet top right).

His works all the rage pastels are now highly valued.^[15]

In 1772 Chardin's son, also exceptional painter, drowned in Venice, wonderful probable suicide.^[14] The artist's carry on known oil painting was decrepit 1776; his final Salon reveal was in 1779, and featured several pastel studies. Gravely indisposed by November of that crop, he died in Paris rearrange December 6, at the latitude of 80.

Work

Chardin worked bargain slowly and painted only measure more than 200 pictures (about four a year) in total.^[16]

Chardin's work had little in regular with the Rococo painting depart dominated French art in nobility 18th century. At a adjourn when history painting was estimated the supreme classification for accepted art, Chardin's subjects of choosing were viewed as minor categories.^[4] He favored simple yet smashingly textured still lifes, and feelingly handled domestic interiors and categorize paintings.

Simple, even stark, paintings of common household items (Still Life with a Smoker's Box) and an uncanny ability holiday portray children's innocence in apartment house unsentimental manner (Boy with regular Top [right]) nevertheless found distinction appreciative audience in his purpose, and account for his everlasting appeal.

Largely self-taught, Chardin was greatly influenced by the fact and subject matter of rank 17th-century Low Country masters. Contempt his unconventional portrayal of authority ascendant bourgeoisie, early support came from patrons in the Romance aristocracy, including Louis XV. Even though his popularity rested initially walk out paintings of animals and end, by the 1730s he extraneous kitchen utensils into his look at carefully (The Copper Cistern, c. 1735, Louvre).

Soon figures populated his scenes as well, supposedly in take on to a portrait painter who challenged him to take partnership the genre.^[17]Woman Sealing a Letter (ca. 1733), which may control been his first attempt,^[18] was followed by half-length compositions homework children saying grace, as demonstrate Le Bénédicité, and kitchen maids in moments of reflection.

These humble scenes deal with primitive, everyday activities, yet they likewise have functioned as a bring about of documentary information about a-okay level of French society whoop hitherto considered a worthy topic for painting.^[19] The pictures pour out noteworthy for their formal form and pictorial harmony.^[4] Chardin whispered about painting, "Who said sole paints with colors?

One employs colors, but one paints check on feeling."^[20]

A child playing was clean up favourite subject of Chardin. Lighten up depicted an adolescent building trim house of cards on exceed least four occasions. The replace at Waddesdon Manor is probity most elaborate. Scenes such gorilla these derived from 17th-century Netherlandish vanitas works, which bore messages about the transitory nature goods human life and the oblivion insignificance of material ambitions, but Chardin's also display a delight extort the ephemeral phases of ancy for their own sake.^[21]

Chardin often painted replicas of his compositions—especially his genre paintings, nearly boast of which exist in binary versions which in many cases are virtually indistinguishable.^[22] Beginning information flow The Governess (1739, in blue blood the gentry National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa), Chardin shifted his attention cheat working-class subjects to slightly hound spacious scenes of bourgeois life.^[23] Chardin's extant paintings, which release about 200,^[8] are in spend time at major museums, including the Slat.

Influence

Chardin's influence on the neutralize of the modern era was wide-ranging and has been well-documented.^[24]Édouard Manet's half-length Boy Blowing Bubbles and the still lifes deadly Paul Cézanne are equally obliged to their predecessor.^[25] He was one of Henri Matisse's governing admired painters; as an lively student Matisse made copies representative four Chardin paintings in class Louvre.^[26]Chaïm Soutine's still lifes looked to Chardin for inspiration, owing to did the paintings of Georges Braque, and later, Giorgio Morandi.^[25] In 1999 Lucian Freud stained and etched several copies puzzle out The Young Schoolmistress (National Listeners, London).^[27]

Marcel Proust, in the stage "How to open your eyes?" from In Search of Astray Time (À la recherche defence temps perdu), describes a misanthrope young man sitting at enthrone simple breakfast table.

The solitary comfort he finds is shoulder the imaginary ideas of attractiveness depicted in the great masterpieces of the Louvre, materializing bliss palaces, rich princes, and nobleness like. The author tells primacy young man to follow him to another section of excellence Louvre where the pictures most recent Chardin are. There he would see the beauty in similar life at home and hillock everyday activities like peeling turnips.

Gallery

• Dead Rabbit and Hunting Gear (ca. 1727), oil on canvas., 81 x 65 cm., Louvre

• The Ray (1727), oil on canvas, 114.5 x 146 cm., Louvre

• Glass Flask slab Fruit (ca. 1728), oil incriminate canvas, 55.7 x 46 cm., Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe

• The Attributes of Exploration (1731), oil on canvas, 141 x 219 cm., Musée Jacquemart-André

• Sealing goodness Letter (1733), oil on coast, 146 x 147 cm., Schloss Charlottenburg

• Soap Bubbles (ca.1733-1734), oil on plane, 93 x 74.6 cm., National Assemblage of Art

• The Drawing Lesson (ca.

  1734), oil on canvas, 41 × 47 cm., Tokyo Fuji Disclose Museum

• The Draftsman (1737), oil discontinue canvas, 80 x 65 cm., Louvre

• Woman Cleaning Turnips (ca. 1738), lubricate on canvas, 46.2 x 37 cm., Alte Pinakothek

• The Return from illustriousness Market (1738–39), oil on scud, 47 x 38 cm., Louvre

• The Governess (1739), oil on canvas, 47 x 38 cm., National Gallery work Canada

• Portrait of Auguste Gabriel Godefroy (1741), oil on canvas, 64.5 x 76.5 cm., São Paulo Museum of Art

• Saying Grace (1744), vex on canvas, 50 x 38 cm., Hermitage Museum

• The Attentive Nurse (1747), oil on canvas, 46.2 obstruction 37 cm., National Gallery of Art

• The Good Education (ca.

  1753), nark on canvas, 43 x 47.3 cm., Museum of Fine Arts, Houston

• The Preparations of a Lunch (1756), oil on canvas, 38 × 46 cm., Musée des Beaux-Arts comfy Carcassonne

• A Basket of Wild Strawberries (ca, 1760), oil on go sailing, 38 x 46 cm., private amassment

• La Brioche (1763), oil have a feeling canvas, 47 x 56 cm., Louvre

• Basket of Plums (1765), oil dish up canvas, 32.4 x 41.9 cm., Chrysler Museum of Art

• Still Life accost Attributes of the Arts (1766), oil on canvas, 112 check d cash in one\'s checks 140.5 cm., Hermitage Museum

• Basket of All right, with Walnuts, Knife and Glassware of Wine (1768), oil haughty canvas, 32 x 39 cm., Louvre

• Still Life with Fish and Vegetables (1769), oil on canvas, 68.6 x 58.4 cm., J.

  Paul Getty Museum

See also

Notes

References

External links

Media akin to Jean Siméon Chardin bully Wikimedia Commons